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BixBench July 6 Codex experiment

Error Analysis

All accuracy failures

Every item shown here failed in at least one condition and one replicate. Use the selector to focus on a condition; by default all failures are visible.

Galaxy skills vs Open-ended code skills

Each row is counted by final-answer status across the three replicates. An item appears if one side passed at least once while the other side failed at least once.

Galaxy skills passed, Open-ended code skills failed at least once

Items where Galaxy-API code with skills passed at least one replicate and Open-ended code with skills failed at least one replicate.

5 items
Item Question Galaxy skills pass Open-ended code skills pass
bix-12-q4 What is the Mann-Whitney U statistic when comparing parsimony informative site percentages between animals and fungi? 3/3 2/3
bix-32-q2 Using KEGG over-representation analysis (ORA), how many pathways are significantly enriched (absolute value of lfc > 1.5) in the same direction for all three mutant strains (97, 98, and 99), relative to wildtype? 3/3 2/3
bix-43-q2 What is the odds ratio for p53-mediated cell cycle gene regulation in an enrichment analysis using gseapy with Reactome_2022 using all statistically differentially expressed genes from a pydeseq2 analysis that includes all related treatment groups (DMSO, DMSO_Serum_starvation, Cisplatin_IC50_CBD_IC50, Cisplatin_IC50_CBD_IC50_Serum_starvation_16h) for proper dispersion estimation, after pre-filtering to keep only genes with counts greater than 10 in at least one of all 30 samples, (padj<=0.05, absolute lfc>=0.5, baseMean>=10) between CBD/cisplatin combination treatment and DMSO? 2/3 0/3
bix-49-q4 What is the total number of significantly differentially expressed genes (padj < 0.05) when performing DESeq2 differential gene expression analysis with apeglm LFC shrinkage, comparing ASXL1 mutation (disease) vs control, while controlling for sex as a covariate? 1/3 2/3
bix-54-q7 What is the maximum colony area predicted at the optimal frequency (proportion of strain 287 in the mixtures) according to the best-fitting model among quadratic, cubic and natural spline (df=4) models? Use R for model fitting. 1/3 0/3

Galaxy skills failed at least once, Open-ended code skills passed

Items where Galaxy-API code with skills failed at least one replicate and Open-ended code with skills passed at least one replicate.

1 items
Item Question Open-ended code skills pass Galaxy skills pass
bix-49-q4 What is the total number of significantly differentially expressed genes (padj < 0.05) when performing DESeq2 differential gene expression analysis with apeglm LFC shrinkage, comparing ASXL1 mutation (disease) vs control, while controlling for sex as a covariate? 2/3 1/3

What is the Mann-Whitney U statistic when comparing parsimony informative site percentages between animals and fungi?

Detailed diagnosis

The stable answer is 6948: all Galaxy replicates and most anycode replicates returned that value. The only failure was Open-ended code with skills replicate 1, which returned 7048.5. That value is consistent with computing the same Mann-Whitney comparison in the opposite group order, so the inputs were not the problem; the reported statistic orientation was.

What happened

One replicate used the right input values but reported the Mann-Whitney U statistic for the opposite group order.

Why it was wrong

For this test, swapping animals and fungi changes the reported U value even when the underlying ranks are the same.

Stability

Unstable under Open-ended code + skills: at least one replicate passed and at least one replicate failed in the same condition.

Evaluation note

This is an answer-format/setup failure for that replicate, not a dataset problem.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
6948
pass
6948
pass
6948
Galaxy no skills pass
6948
pass
6948
pass
6948
Open-ended code + skills fail
7048.5
pass
6948.0
pass
6948.0
Open-ended code no skills pass
6948
pass
6948.0
pass
6948.0

In the provided data, what gene symbol has the strongest negative Spearman correlation between its expression and essentiality?

Detailed diagnosis

Both skills conditions consistently answered CDKN1A, while both no-skills conditions consistently answered CCND1. This is a clean skills/no-skills split: the failed route treated the raw CRISPR score direction as if larger signed correlation meant stronger essentiality. The passing route interpreted negative gene-effect scores as stronger dependency before ranking.

What happened

Some no-skills replicates ranked the raw CRISPR gene-effect correlation instead of the biological essentiality direction.

Why it was wrong

In this dataset, more negative CRISPR scores mean stronger dependency. Ranking the raw sign answers a different question.

Stability

The same condition did not flip between pass and fail; the failure pattern is consistent across replicates.

Evaluation note

Count those replicates as wrong because they used the wrong score direction.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
CDKN1A
pass
CDKN1A
pass
CDKN1A
Galaxy no skills fail
CCND1
fail
CCND1
fail
CCND1
Open-ended code + skills pass
CDKN1A
pass
CDKN1A
pass
CDKN1A
Open-ended code no skills fail
CCND1
fail
CCND1
fail
CCND1

How many genes in the provided data show strong positive Spearman correlation between expression and essentiality across cell lines, with a correlation coefficient >= 0.6?

Detailed diagnosis

The expected count is 3. All with-skills replicates got 3, and most no-skills replicates did too, but Galaxy no-skills replicate 2 and Open-ended code no-skills replicate 1 returned 0. The zero answer comes from applying the >= 0.6 threshold to the raw score sign instead of the dependency direction.

What happened

Failing replicates counted positive correlations on the raw CRISPR score.

Why it was wrong

The benchmark expects the dependency/essentiality direction. With that direction, three genes pass the threshold; with the raw sign, the replicate gets none.

Stability

Unstable under Galaxy no skills, Open-ended code no skills: at least one replicate passed and at least one replicate failed in the same condition.

Evaluation note

This is the same score-direction mistake as bix-16-q1, applied to a threshold count.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
3
pass
3
pass
3
Galaxy no skills pass
3
fail
0
pass
3
Open-ended code + skills pass
3
pass
3
pass
3
Open-ended code no skills fail
0
pass
3
pass
3

After calculating Pearson correlations between gene length and average gene expression levels for protein-coding genes, in which immune cell type (CD4, CD8, CD14, or CD19) is the correlation the weakest (lowest absolute correlation value)?

Detailed diagnosis

The accepted cell type is CD14, and 11 of 12 replicates returned CD14. Galaxy no-skills replicate 1 returned CD8. That failure read 'weakest' as the lowest signed Pearson value, while the accepted interpretation is the weakest absolute relationship, meaning closest to zero.

What happened

One Galaxy no-skills replicate chose the smallest signed Pearson correlation.

Why it was wrong

The accepted answer treats weakest as closest to zero by absolute strength. That gives a different cell type.

Stability

Unstable under Galaxy no skills: at least one replicate passed and at least one replicate failed in the same condition.

Evaluation note

This replicate failed because it used a different interpretation of 'weakest'.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
CD14
pass
CD14
pass
CD14
Galaxy no skills fail
CD8
pass
CD14
pass
CD14
Open-ended code + skills pass
CD14
pass
CD14
pass
CD14
Open-ended code no skills pass
CD14
pass
CD14
pass
CD14

In P. aeruginosa KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, how many pathways are significantly enriched under iron-depleted conditions but show no significant enrichment under innate media conditions? Perform KEGG pathway enrichment analysis using genes with |log2FoldChange| > 1.5 and adjusted p-value < 0.05. Consider pathways significantly enriched if their enrichment adjusted p-value < 0.05.

Detailed diagnosis

No current condition solved this item. Most replicates returned 2, and one Open-ended code with-skills replicate returned 1; both are counted wrong. The recurring failure is that agents simplify the task into a pooled KEGG pathway comparison. The item instead asks which pathways are significant in the iron-depleted branch and not significant in the innate-media branch, so the branch-specific enrichment scope matters.

What happened

Some replicates merged pathway results too early and missed one pathway that is significant only in the iron-depleted condition.

Why it was wrong

The item asks for a condition-specific comparison after enrichment, not a pooled pathway list.

Stability

The same condition did not flip between pass and fail; the failure pattern is consistent across replicates.

Evaluation note

Failed replicates answered a simpler pooled comparison rather than the requested condition-specific count.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills fail
2
fail
2
fail
2
Galaxy no skills fail
2
fail
2
fail
2
Open-ended code + skills fail
2
fail
1
fail
2
Open-ended code no skills fail
2
fail
2
fail
2

After performing principal component analysis (PCA) with 100 components on the log10-transformed gene expression matrix (with pseudocount of 1, samples as rows and genes as columns), what percentage of the total variance in the dataset is explained by the first principal component (reported as a percentage between 0 and 100)?

Detailed diagnosis

All with-skills replicates returned about 55.604%, which matches the accepted PCA setup. All no-skills replicates returned about 56.47%. That consistent split means the failure is not noise: the no-skills route used a different PCA setup, likely in matrix orientation, centering/scaling, feature filtering, or variance denominator.

What happened

No-skills replicates reported about 56.47%, while the accepted calculation is 55.60%.

Why it was wrong

Small PCA setup choices such as matrix orientation, centering, and variance denominator change the percentage.

Stability

The same condition did not flip between pass and fail; the failure pattern is consistent across replicates.

Evaluation note

This is a setup mismatch: the replicate computed a plausible PCA number, but not the benchmark's PCA number.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
55.6043437095%
pass
55.6%
pass
55.6043437095388%
Galaxy no skills fail
56.471730%
fail
56.47%
fail
56.471730%
Open-ended code + skills pass
55.6043437095388%
pass
55.6043437095%
pass
55.6043437095%
Open-ended code no skills fail
56.4717047395749%
fail
56.4717047396%
fail
56.4717047395748%

Using PhyKIT to calculate long branch scores, what is the median long branch score for the fungal gene 996662at2759?

Detailed diagnosis

The accepted median is about -30.455. Eleven replicates returned that value. Galaxy no-skills replicate 3 returned 2.5756, which matches a single long-branch-score output rather than the median across the requested fungal gene set. The tool ran, but the final aggregation step was skipped or applied to the wrong row set.

What happened

One replicate returned a single PhyKIT output value.

Why it was wrong

The question asks for the median across the target set, so a single output row is not enough.

Stability

Unstable under Galaxy no skills: at least one replicate passed and at least one replicate failed in the same condition.

Evaluation note

This is a summarization failure: the tool output was not aggregated to the requested statistic.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
-30.45505
pass
-30.45505
pass
-30.45505
Galaxy no skills pass
-30.45505
pass
-30.45505
fail
2.5756
Open-ended code + skills pass
-30.455089045661694
pass
-30.4551
pass
-30.4551
Open-ended code no skills pass
-30.4551
pass
-30.4551
pass
-30.4551

What is the ratio of significant (p <= 0.05) differentially expressed miRNAs between patient and control groups identified following Bonferroni correction compared to Benjamini-Yekutieli correction? Provide your answer as a ratio in the format "Bonferroni:Benjamini-Yekutieli".

Detailed diagnosis

The accepted ratio is 0:0. All Galaxy and Open-ended code with-skills replicates returned 0:0. Open-ended code without-skills replicates 1 and 3 returned 1:0, which means their statistical setup produced one Bonferroni hit while the accepted setup produces none. The likely difference is the test design or correction input, not ratio formatting.

What happened

Two no-skills anycode replicates used a t-test setup that found one Bonferroni-significant miRNA.

Why it was wrong

The accepted benchmark setup gives zero Bonferroni hits and zero BY hits.

Stability

Unstable under Open-ended code no skills: at least one replicate passed and at least one replicate failed in the same condition.

Evaluation note

These replicates failed because the statistical test setup did not match the benchmark setup.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
0:0
pass
0:0
pass
0:0
Galaxy no skills pass
0:0
pass
0:0
pass
0:0
Open-ended code + skills pass
0:0
pass
0:0
pass
0:0
Open-ended code no skills fail
1:0
pass
0:0
fail
1:0

Using KEGG over-representation analysis (ORA), how many pathways are significantly enriched (absolute value of lfc > 1.5) in the same direction for all three mutant strains (97, 98, and 99), relative to wildtype?

Detailed diagnosis

The accepted answer is 0. Galaxy with skills now returns 0 in all three clean replicates, while Open-ended code with skills replicate 2 returned 2 and Open-ended code without skills replicate 1 returned 3. The failing routes changed the KEGG background, direction filter, or pathway intersection across the three mutants, so they counted pathways that the accepted setup excludes.

What happened

Some replicates found two or three common pathways instead of zero.

Why it was wrong

The KEGG enrichment background and direction filter changed which pathways passed in all three mutants.

Stability

Unstable under Open-ended code + skills, Open-ended code no skills: at least one replicate passed and at least one replicate failed in the same condition.

Evaluation note

This item is unstable because small enrichment-setup changes change the final intersection.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
0
pass
0
pass
0
Galaxy no skills pass
0
pass
0
pass
0
Open-ended code + skills pass
0
fail
2
pass
0
Open-ended code no skills fail
3
pass
0
pass
0

What is the median patristic distance for the fungal gene 981902at2759?

Detailed diagnosis

The accepted median patristic distance is about 2.6323, and 11 replicates returned that value. Galaxy no-skills replicate 1 returned 2.49071555. That answer is plausible for a tree-distance calculation, but it uses an incomplete or different set of pairwise distances instead of the six distances required for the requested taxa.

What happened

One Galaxy no-skills replicate computed the median from a partial set of pairwise distances.

Why it was wrong

The accepted answer uses six pairwise distances for the requested taxa.

Stability

Unstable under Galaxy no skills: at least one replicate passed and at least one replicate failed in the same condition.

Evaluation note

The failed replicate used the right kind of metric but the wrong row set.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
2.63225
pass
2.63225
pass
2.63225
Galaxy no skills fail
2.49071555
pass
2.6322860447
pass
2.63225
Open-ended code + skills pass
2.6322860447
pass
2.6322860447
pass
2.6322860447
Open-ended code no skills pass
2.6322860447
pass
2.6322860447
pass
2.6322860447

What is the odds ratio for p53-mediated cell cycle gene regulation in an enrichment analysis using gseapy with Reactome_2022 using all statistically differentially expressed genes from a pydeseq2 analysis that includes all related treatment groups (DMSO, DMSO_Serum_starvation, Cisplatin_IC50_CBD_IC50, Cisplatin_IC50_CBD_IC50_Serum_starvation_16h) for proper dispersion estimation, after pre-filtering to keep only genes with counts greater than 10 in at least one of all 30 samples, (padj<=0.05, absolute lfc>=0.5, baseMean>=10) between CBD/cisplatin combination treatment and DMSO?

Detailed diagnosis

The stable passing route runs PyDESeq2 and GSEApy together with a custom background of prefiltered mapped genes. Galaxy with skills replicates 1 and 2 returned 5.81798037353593, matching the 5.81 verifier. Galaxy with skills replicate 3 selected the same Reactome term and the same overlap genes, but sent enrichment through the Galaxy GSEApy wrapper and got 4.691674580563469. Open-ended code variants returned nearby but failing values around 5.84 or 6.13. The root issue is background/universe and wrapper behavior, not term-name spelling.

What happened

Replicates used different Reactome/gseapy rows or foreground sizes for the p53 cell-cycle term.

Why it was wrong

The same human-readable pathway name can map to different rows or odds-ratio formulas across library snapshots.

Stability

Unstable under Galaxy + skills: at least one replicate passed and at least one replicate failed in the same condition.

Evaluation note

Failed replicates are enrichment-version/scope mismatches, not arithmetic mistakes.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
5.81798037353593
pass
5.81798037353593
fail
4.691674580563469
Galaxy no skills pass
5.812405901836796
pass
5.812405901836796
pass
5.812405901836796
Open-ended code + skills fail
5.840347891851011
fail
6.12816088009491
fail
5.84034789185101
Open-ended code no skills fail
5.840347891851011
fail
5.840347891851011
fail
5.840347891851011

What is the p-value from a Mann-Whitney U test comparing RCV scores between animal and fungal orthologs using PhyKIT's rcv function?

Detailed diagnosis

All 12 current replicates returned the same p-value, 1.5197572608715265e-56, and all are counted wrong against the verifier. Because every condition converged on the same value, this is not a skills failure. It is a convention mismatch around the RCV inputs or the Mann-Whitney implementation, such as exact/asymptotic mode, tie handling, continuity correction, or the exact set of orthologs included.

What happened

Replicates consistently computed a different p-value from the verifier.

Why it was wrong

The difference is likely the Mann-Whitney mode or tie/continuity convention, not random replicate behavior.

Stability

The same condition did not flip between pass and fail; the failure pattern is consistent across replicates.

Evaluation note

Treat this as a verifier-convention mismatch when interpreting the failure count.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills fail
1.5197572608715265e-56
fail
1.5197572608715265e-56
fail
1.5197572608715265e-56
Galaxy no skills fail
1.5197572608715265e-56
fail
1.5197572608715265e-56
fail
1.5197572608715265e-56
Open-ended code + skills fail
1.5197572608715265e-56
fail
1.5197572608715265e-56
fail
1.5197572608715265e-56
Open-ended code no skills fail
1.5197572608715265e-56
fail
1.5197572608715265e-56
fail
1.5197572608715265e-56

What is the total number of significantly differentially expressed genes (padj < 0.05) when performing DESeq2 differential gene expression analysis with apeglm LFC shrinkage, comparing ASXL1 mutation (disease) vs control, while controlling for sex as a covariate?

Detailed diagnosis

The accepted count is 2118. Some replicates hit it exactly, while others returned nearby counts: 2117, 2119, or 2106. The one-off answers are likely row-scope differences, such as whether borderline or non-NA adjusted-p rows are included. The 2106 answers suggest a larger route difference, probably around shrinkage, covariate handling, or sample inclusion.

What happened

Replicates alternated among nearby counts such as 2118, 2117, 2119, and 2106.

Why it was wrong

Sample exclusions, shrinkage route, non-NA adjusted-p rows, or counted-row scope changed the final number.

Stability

Unstable under Galaxy + skills, Galaxy no skills, Open-ended code + skills, Open-ended code no skills: at least one replicate passed and at least one replicate failed in the same condition.

Evaluation note

This is an unstable counting item: several routes are close, but only one matches the benchmark answer.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
2118
fail
2117
fail
2106
Galaxy no skills fail
2119
pass
2118
pass
2118
Open-ended code + skills pass
2118
pass
2118
fail
2106
Open-ended code no skills fail
2106
pass
2118
fail
2106

How many individual methylation measurements (rows) are removed when filtering out measurements that do not show >90% or <10% methylation in the Zebra Finch dataset?

Detailed diagnosis

The accepted removed-row count is 19159, and 11 replicates returned 19159. Galaxy no-skills replicate 2 returned 19160. A single extra row is most consistent with counting the header, counting one boundary row differently, or comparing pre/post-filter table sizes with a one-row metadata offset.

What happened

One replicate counted 19160 removed rows instead of 19159.

Why it was wrong

The most likely cause is including the header row or using the boundary condition differently.

Stability

Unstable under Galaxy no skills: at least one replicate passed and at least one replicate failed in the same condition.

Evaluation note

This is a row-counting failure, not a model or Galaxy-tool failure.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
19159
pass
19159
pass
19159
Galaxy no skills pass
19159
fail
19160
pass
19159
Open-ended code + skills pass
19159
pass
19159
pass
19159
Open-ended code no skills pass
19159
pass
19159
pass
19159

What is the maximum colony area predicted at the optimal frequency (proportion of strain 287 in the mixtures) according to the best-fitting model among quadratic, cubic and natural spline (df=4) models? Use R for model fitting.

Detailed diagnosis

Only Galaxy with skills replicate 2 reached the accepted range, returning 184371.999461. Most other replicates returned about 180771, which comes from fitting the mixture rows only. One Galaxy no-skills replicate returned about 178984, which reflects yet another endpoint scope. The core problem is that the prompt does not make the row scope for mixture-model fitting explicit enough, so reasonable R model fits can answer different quantities.

What happened

Most replicates fit the mixture-only branch and returned about 180771 instead of the accepted 184k range.

Why it was wrong

The prompt leaves the endpoint scope easy to read in more than one way.

Stability

Unstable under Galaxy + skills: at least one replicate passed and at least one replicate failed in the same condition.

Evaluation note

This failure should be read as scope ambiguity in the eval item.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills fail
180771.362011
pass
184371.999461
fail
180771.362011287
Galaxy no skills fail
180771.362011287
fail
180771.362011287
fail
178983.925081
Open-ended code + skills fail
180771.3635
fail
180771.3635587
fail
180771.363558699
Open-ended code no skills fail
180771.3635586996
fail
180771.362334791
fail
180771.362011287

How many single-copy orthologs are complete and present in all four proteomes after BUSCO analysis with the eukaryota_odb10 lineage?

Detailed diagnosis

The accepted BUSCO count is 101, and 11 replicates returned 101. Open-ended code without-skills replicate 1 returned 232. That larger number is consistent with counting complete BUSCO markers more broadly, including duplicated hits, instead of restricting to single-copy orthologs present in all four proteomes.

What happened

One no-skills anycode replicate counted complete BUSCO markers including duplicated hits.

Why it was wrong

The question asks for single-copy orthologs, so duplicated complete markers should not be counted.

Stability

Unstable under Open-ended code no skills: at least one replicate passed and at least one replicate failed in the same condition.

Evaluation note

This is a category-filter failure in the BUSCO output.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
101
pass
101
pass
101
Galaxy no skills pass
101
pass
101
pass
101
Open-ended code + skills pass
101
pass
101
pass
101
Open-ended code no skills fail
232
pass
101
pass
101

What is the Ts/Tv ratio for the MDR sample (SRR35233585) rounded to 2 decimal places?

Detailed diagnosis

Both with-skills conditions returned the accepted Ts/Tv ratio, 2.68. Both no-skills conditions consistently returned 2.56. That clean split indicates a scope difference: the failed route computed Ts/Tv on the raw variant set, while the accepted route uses the filtered SNP scope for the MDR sample.

What happened

No-skills replicates used the raw VCF Ts/Tv ratio.

Why it was wrong

The accepted answer uses the filtered SNP scope, which gives a different Ts/Tv for the MDR sample.

Stability

The same condition did not flip between pass and fail; the failure pattern is consistent across replicates.

Evaluation note

This is a variant-scope failure: raw variants and filtered SNPs answer different questions.

Conditionreplicate 1replicate 2replicate 3
Galaxy + skills pass
2.68
pass
2.68
pass
2.68
Galaxy no skills fail
2.56
fail
2.56
fail
2.56
Open-ended code + skills pass
2.68
pass
2.68
pass
2.68
Open-ended code no skills fail
2.56
fail
2.56
fail
2.56